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Objective:
This lesson is for beginner ESL students to understand how English works. Nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are discussed by the teacher with enough information for the learners to recognize them in the sentences. The main objective is to give students the best tools and skills to learn on their own.
Method:
Teacher talk and direction
Students work from handout or lecture, groups of three
Materials:
This lesson, Parts of Speech
Bilingual dictionaries
To the teacher:
This lesson plan works as a lecture, and if the teacher is able to use a computer and a projector, the lesson could be done in class from the Internet. It can be printed as a hand out. Students can work in groups doing the sentence exercises. They may use bi-lingual dictionaries as they work.
The PDF attachment can be downloaded and printed and is free:
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The PDF has the sentences with and without the answers.
The Lecture with Examples: Parts of Speech: Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Adjectives, and Adverbs
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Nouns:
A noun names a person, place or thing. It can be concrete or abstract. A concrete noun is a word that can be seen, touched, heard, tasted, or smelled. The abstract noun is an idea that can be thought about and discussed.
Person: Mr. Archer, aunt, president
Places: stadium, lake, restaurant
Things: motorcycle, dog, shells
Ideas: speed, health, crime
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Underline the nouns. Notice how nouns can be subjects and objects.
1. Aunt Sally finds seashells by the seashore.
2. Mr. Archer goes to the stadium because he loves baseball.
3. Her father paid our check at the restaurant.
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Pronouns:
Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns. The pronoun comes after the noun it refers to.
I, me, my, mine
you, your, yours
he, him, his
she, her, hers
it, its
we, us, our, ours
you, your, yours
they, them, their, theirs
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Underline the pronouns in the following sentences.
1. Iris looked everywhere for her lost kitten. She found it in the park alive and well.
2. Mr. Archer is their lawyer. He never argues law at the courthouse. He does write it though in contracts.
3. Our Grandma had a dozen cookies. She gave them all to us.
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Verbs:
A verb is a word that shows action or being.
Some verbs are action: Gloria painted her new apartment. Jim brought her an iced tea.
Some verbs are linking (being) verbs. They link a noun or pronoun to words that rename or describe it: Our school is a very good school. The students are interested in what they learn.
Underline the verbs in the following sentences.
1. Dan drove his car to the Grand Canyon.
2. Rachel always socializes and dances at parties.
3. When the cook smelled the soup, it really smelled good.
4. Aunt Sally finds seashells by the seashore.
5. Mr. Archer goes to the stadium because he loves baseball.
6. Her father paid our check at the restaurant. It was a lot.
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Verb Lists
1. List five action verbs that tell what people can do with their arms and hands.
cook,
2. List five action verbs that tell what people can do with parts of their faces.
smile,
3. List five action verbs that tell what people can do with their minds.
remember,
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Adjectives:
Adjectives describe nouns. They tell which one, what kind, how many. They go in front of the nouns they describe: the red coat, the delicious cake, the beautiful picture.
What kind: big, little, young, old, sloppy, neat
Which one: this, that, these, those
How many: many, few, one, two, some, several
Underline the adjectives in the following sentences.
The curious girl discovered a hidden treasure in the dark cellar.
2. The old dog wagged its brown tail happily when the kind master returned.
3. The fortunate shopper found expensive sneakers at the holiday sale.
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Adverbs:
Adverbs describe verbs. They tell how, when and where. They are not fixed in a sentence like an adjective. Adverbs often can move around.
Finally, we decided to go. We finally decided to go. We decided finally to go. We decided to go finally.
Underline the adverbs in the following sentences.
1. He writes here. (Where does he write?)
2. The bride smiled happily. (How did the bride smile?)
3. The letter came early. (When did the letter come?)
4. Quickly the time goes.
5. The money, thank goodness, will arrive shortly.
6. English sometimes confuses me.
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The Lecture with Answers
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Nouns:
A noun names a person, place or thing. It can be concrete or abstract. A concrete noun is a word that can be seen, touched, heard, tasted, or smelled. The abstract noun is an idea that can be thought about and discussed.
Person: Mr. Archer, aunt, president
Places: stadium, lake, restaurant
Things: motorcycle, dog, shells
Ideas: speed, health, crime
…
Underline the nouns. Notice how nouns can be subjects and objects.
1. Aunt Sally finds seashells by the seashore.
2. Mr. Archer goes to the stadium because he loves baseball.
3. Her father paid our check at the restaurant.
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Pronouns:
Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns. The pronoun comes after the noun it refers to.
I, me, my, mine
you, your, yours
he, him, his
she, her, hers
it, its
we, us, our, ours
you, your, yours
they, them, their, theirs
…
Underline the pronouns in the following sentences.
1. Iris looked everywhere for her lost kitten. She found it in the park alive and well.
2. Mr. Archer is their lawyer. He never argues law at the courthouse. He does write it though in contracts.
3. Our Grandma had a dozen cookies. She gave them all to us.
…
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Verbs:
A verb is a word that shows action or being.
Some verbs are action: Gloria painted her new apartment. Jim brought her an iced tea.
Some verbs are linking (being) verbs. They link a noun or pronoun to words that rename or describe it: Our school is a very good school. The students are interested in what they learn.
Underline the verbs in the following sentences.
1. Dan drove his car to the Grand Canyon.
2. Rachel always socializes and dances at parties.
3. When the cook smelled the soup, it really smelled good.
4. Aunt Sally finds seashells by the seashore.
5. Mr. Archer goes to the stadium because he loves baseball.
6. Her father paid our check at the restaurant. It was a lot.
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Verb Lists
1. List five action verbs that tell what people can do with their arms and hands.
cook, lift, draw, write, paint, comb, cut, touch, reach, throw, fight, hold, take, swim
2. List five action verbs that tell what people can do with parts of their faces.
smile, frown, bite, spit, look, smell, see, wink, kiss, hear, talk, whistle, grimace
3. List five action verbs that tell what people can do with their minds.
remember, forget, love, hate, plan, organize, count, imagine, think, dream, regret, memorize, enjoy
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Adjectives:
Adjectives describe nouns. They tell which one, what kind, how many. They go in front of the noun they describe: the red coat, the delicious cake, the beautiful picture.
What kind: big, little, young, old, sloppy, neat
Which one: this, that, these, those
How many: many, few, one, two, some, several
Underline the adjectives in the following sentences.
The curious girl discovered a hidden treasure in the dark cellar.
2. The old dog wagged its brown tail happily when the kind master returned.
3. The fortunate shopper found expensive sneakers at the holiday sale.
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Adverbs:
Adverbs describe verbs. They tell how, when and where. They are not fixed in a sentence like an adjective. Adverbs can move around.
Finally, we decided to go. We finally decided to go. We decided finally to go. We decided to go finally.
Underline the adverbs in the following sentences.
1. He writes here. (Where does he write?)
2. The bride smiled happily. (How did the bride smile?)
3. The letter came early. (When did the letter come?)
4. Quickly the time flew.
5. The money, thank goodness, will arrive shortly.
6. English sometimes confuses me.
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